Autonomous Line Following Hardware Robot
Published:
Digital Logic Design Embedded Hardware Discrete Electronics
Project Overview
Developed as a capstone physical engineering project for the Digital Logic Design curriculum at BRAC University, this autonomous line-following vehicle demonstrates the power of low-level analog-to-digital signal processing without relying on microcontrollers or high-level firmware.
Engineering & Hardware Design
- Optical Sensor Array: Configured infrared (IR) transmitter-receiver optical pairs calibrated for high-contrast ground reflectance differentiation.
- Signal Condition & Comparators: Utilized LM393 voltage comparators to transform analog reflectance levels into sharp TTL binary logic signals.
- Combinational Logic Circuitry: Engineered Boolean logic arrays using discrete NOT, AND, OR, and XOR IC gates to determine precise steering decisions (straight, gentle turn, hard pivot).
- Actuation & Motor Driving: Integrated L293D dual H-bridge motor drivers to control dual DC gear motors, handling dynamic voltage delivery and inductive back-EMF protection.